the phrase ‘one-dharma’　一法句 The absolute truth attained by practicing samatha (concentration of mind) and vipasyana (insight). In Vasubandhu’s Treatise the ultimate truth is described as having two aspects: truth grasped by conceptual understanding, and truth which is beyond conceptual understanding. Here, the ‘phrase’ is an attempt to bridge these two aspects by using a conventional phrase to express the ultimate reality, which is formless, colorless, and surpasses conceptual understanding. Such a view originates in the idea of the twofold truth (nitai 二諦), which was advocated in the Madhyamika philosophy and came to be accepted widely in other Mahayana schools. The twofold truth expresses the mundane truth and supramundane truth. According to this view, the twenty-nine adornments of the Pure Land, Amida Buddha, and the bodhisattvas described in this Treatise refer to the former, while the phrase ‘one-dharma’, as that which is beyond conceptual understanding, refers to the latter. In the Treatise, it is stated, “These three kinds of fulfillment [which are the adornments produced by the Vow-mind] ... enter into the phrase ‘one-dharma’. The phrase ‘one-dharma’ is the phrase ‘purity’. The phrase ‘purity is the truth and real wisdom the uncreated dharma-body’”. The structure of the twofold truth in the Treatise can be described in the following way. Firstly, the twenty-nine adornments are the product of Amida’s Vow-mind, and are reduced to the phrase ‘one-dharma’. Secondly, the phrase ‘one-dharma’ is equated with the phrase ‘purity’. Furthermore, the phrase ‘purity’ is explained in terms of ‘the true and real wisdom, the uncreated dharma-body’ that is beyond conceptual understanding.